Maître Raymond AUTEVILLE

Avocat au barreau de La Martinique

Avocat titulaire d'un certificat de spécialisation en Droit immobilier

Compétences : Droit immobilier, Droit des assurances, Baux commerciaux et professionnels, Droit de la famille, des personnes et de leur patrimoine, Droit du dommage corporel, Droit de la santé, Droit commercial, des affaires et de la concurrence, Droit du crédit et de la consommation, Mesures conservatoires, Droit du travail, Urbanisme, Procédure civile, Procédure d'appel, Droit pénal

Barreau : Martinique

Adresse : 51 rue Lazare CARNOT 97200 FORT DE FRANCE

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Publié le 13/08/2026

FRAIS BANCAIRES SUR SUCCESSION : LE CONSEIL CONSTITUTIONNEL CENSURE LA GRATUITE IMPOSEE AUX BANQUES

Article juridique - Droit commercial, des affaires et de la concurrence

Par Me Raymond AUTEVILLE

FRAIS BANCAIRES SUR SUCCESSION : LE CONSEIL CONSTITUTIONNEL CENSURE LA GRATUITE IMPOSEE AUX BANQUES

La loi n° 2025-415 du 13 mai 2025 encadrait les frais bancaires de succession selon deux logiques :

une gratuité dans certains cas (héritier justifiant sa qualité, succession non complexe)
un plafonnement à 1 % des avoirs du défunt dans les autres cas.

La Caisse d'Épargne Grand Est Europe a contesté ce dispositif par une Question Prioritaire Constitutionalité, transmise par le Conseil d'État le 10 avril 2026, invoquant une atteinte à la liberté d'entreprendre, à la liberté contractuelle et à la garantie des droits.

Le Conseil constitutionnel a censuré le texte au motif que :

le plafonnement à 1 % est jugé conforme à la Constitution : il ne prive pas les établissements de crédit de couvrir leurs coûts de revient ;
les trois cas de gratuité totale sont en revanche déclarés contraires à la Constitution : en interdisant toute facturation quel que soit le coût réel des opérations, le législateur porte une atteinte disproportionnée à la liberté d'entreprendre et à la liberté contractuelle.( Cons. Const., 19 juin 2026.N° 2026-1207. QPC : JurisData n° 2026-010407.)