Maître Mohamed-El Hassan KOHEN

Avocat au barreau de Paris

Compétences : Droit pénal, Droit de la famille, des personnes et de leur patrimoine, Droit du travail

Barreau : Paris

Adresse : 11 RUE MARGUERITTE 75017 PARIS

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Publié le 26/12/2025

Cour d'appel de Limoges, le 4 septembre 2025, n°24/00592

Article juridique - Droit pénal

Par Me Mohamed-El Hassan KOHEN

La Cour d'appel de Limoges, chambre sociale, 4 septembre 2025, statue sur des prétentions relatives à des actions gratuites de type LTI, à des primes immédiates 2018 et 2019, et à une prime individualisée 2021. La salariée, opératrice, élue au CSE, soutenait une inégalité de traitement et réclamait divers rappels et dommages et intérêts. L’employeur affirmait la prescription des demandes LTI, la réserve de ces avantages à la catégorie cadre, et la transparence suffisante des critères des primes.

La juridiction de première instance avait déclaré irrecevables les demandes relatives aux LTI et à la prime 2018, et débouté pour 2019 et 2021. L’appel porte sur l’ensemble. La cour confirme la prescription biennale pour les LTI 2018 et 2019 et écarte toute atteinte pour 2020, réservée aux cadres. Elle retient la prescription triennale pour la prime immédiate 2018. Elle alloue 300 euros pour la prime immédiate 2019 au vu de la performance établie et confirme le montant de 200 euros pour 2021. L’office du juge se concentre ainsi sur la qualification des avantages contestés, sur la preuve de la connaissance déclenchant la prescription, puis sur la transparence et la contrôlabilité des critères.

La question centrale porte d’abord sur la nature juridique du dispositif LTI et l’application de la prescription biennale, à la lumière d’éléments de connaissance diffusés en instance représentative. Elle porte ensuite sur l’exigence de règles préalablement définies et contrôlables pour les primes individuelles, ainsi que sur la marge d’appréciation laissée au management dans leur distribution.

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