Maître Raymond AUTEVILLE

Avocat au barreau de La Martinique

Avocat titulaire d'un certificat de spécialisation en Droit immobilier

Compétences : Droit immobilier, Droit des assurances, Droit de la famille, des personnes et de leur patrimoine, Droit du dommage corporel, Droit de la santé, Droit commercial, des affaires et de la concurrence, Droit du crédit et de la consommation, Mesures conservatoires, Droit du travail et social, Urbanisme, Procédure civile, Procédure d'appel, Droit pénal

Barreau : Martinique

Adresse : 51 rue Lazare CARNOT 97200 FORT DE FRANCE

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La prévisibilité du dommage obstacle à la force majeure

Article juridique

Par Me Raymond AUTEVILLE

La force majeure est le fait extérieur imprévisible et irrésistible qui permet au débiteur d'une obligation de s'affranchir des obligations normalement mises à sa charge.

Si le critère d'extériorité tend à perdre de son intensité, la jurisprudence reste intransigeante sur la caractérisation des caractère cumulatif d'imprévisibilité et d'irrésistibilité.

En l'espèce la SNCF a été reconnue entièrement responsable sur le fondement de l'article 1384, alinéa 1 du Code civil du décès de la victime ayant traversé les voies au niveau d'un passage réservé aux piétons au moment où survenait un TGV lancé à 130 km/heure.

Si l'irruption d'un piéton sur une voie ferrée est bien irrésistible pour le conducteur de train, sa présence aux abords d'un passage à niveau est toutefois prévisible. Tout piéton qui aborde le domaine public n'est pas tenu d'une obligation permanente de se tenir sur ses gardes.

(CA Rennes, ch. 7, 25 nov. 2009 : JurisData n° 2009-380175)