Maître Mohamed-El Hassan KOHEN

Avocat au barreau de Paris

Compétences : Droit pénal, Droit de la famille, des personnes et de leur patrimoine, Droit du travail

Barreau : Paris

Adresse : 11 RUE MARGUERITTE 75017 PARIS

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Publié le 21/12/2025

Cour d'appel de Pau, le 11 septembre 2025, n°23/00738

Article juridique - Droit pénal

Par Me Mohamed-El Hassan KOHEN

Cour d'appel de Pau, 11 septembre 2025. Une salariée cadre, engagée en 2018 avec rémunération fixe et variable, réclame plusieurs primes d’objectifs non versées. Le contrat prévoit une prime trimestrielle définie par avenant annuel, et, à défaut, une prime de substitution équivalente à un demi-mois de salaire en novembre.

Saisie en décembre 2021, la juridiction prud’homale a accordé les variables 2018 à 2020, écartant des demandes accessoires. L’employeur a interjeté appel sur la prescription et le principe des variables, tandis que la salariée a sollicité l’extension aux années 2021 et 2022, l’intérêt légal et la capitalisation.

Deux questions gouvernent le litige. D’abord, l’étendue de la prescription triennale au regard de l’exigibilité des primes. Ensuite, la portée d’une clause mêlant négociation annuelle des objectifs, prime de substitution et montants plafonds déjà déterminés pour trois exercices.

La décision retient une prescription partielle sur 2018 et constate la carence de l’employeur dans l’organisation loyale de la négociation annuelle. Elle fixe en conséquence les variables 2019 et 2020 à leur plafond contractuel, reconduit ce plafond en 2021, et accorde un prorata pour 2022, intérêts et capitalisation à l’appui, avec compensation après restitution d’une prime de substitution indue.

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