Maître Frédéric CHHUM

Avocat au barreau de Paris

Compétences : Droit du travail, Procédure d'appel, Droit pénal, Procédure civile

Barreau : Paris

Adresse : 34 RUE PETRELLE 75009 PARIS

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Publié le 07/10/2025

Statut de cadre dirigeant - l’associate european medical lead de Bristol-Myers Squibb est-il cadre dirigeant ? (cass. soc. 10 sept. 2025, n° 24-11.187)

Article juridique - Droit du travail

Par Me Frédéric CHHUM

Statut de cadre dirigeant - l’associate european medical lead de Bristol-Myers Squibb est-il cadre dirigeant ? (cass. soc. 10 sept. 2025, n° 24-11.187)

C’est à cette question que la Cour de cassation devait répondre (Cass. soc. 10 sept. 2025, 24-11.187).

La définition légale du cadre dirigeant a 25 ans. C’est la loi Aubry II n° 2000-37 du 19 janvier 2000 (article 11) qui a intégré le cadre dirigeant dans le Code du travail en intégrant l’article L212-15-1 qui est devenu l’article L3111-2.

La loi Aubry II du 19 janvier 2000 a institué la durée légale du travail à 35 heures. Elle prévoit aussi un certain nombre de dérogations aux 35 heures : pour les cadres sous forfait jours mais aussi pour les cadres dirigeants.

La qualification de cadre dirigeant permet d’écarter l’application de la réglementation sur le temps de travail aux salariés qui en bénéficient.

A contrario, si la qualification de cadre dirigeant est exclue par les juridictions, le salarié sera en droit de demander le paiement des heures supplémentaires qu’il a accomplies au-delà de la durée légale du travail.

La Cour de cassation a précisé les contours de ce statut dont les conditions sont fixées à l’article L3111-2 du Code du travail. Les conditions d’application du statut de cadre dirigeant sont appréciées strictement, par la Cour de cassation, afin de limiter les abus.

La Cour de cassation opère un contrôle de la qualité de cadre dirigeant.
Elle vérifie que la cour d’appel a caractérisé les 3 éléments cumulatifs du statut de cadre dirigeant : grande autonomie, grande responsabilité et rémunération parmi les plus élevés de l’entreprise ou l’établissement.

L’enjeu pour les entreprises est important.

En l’espèce le salarié réclamait 540 000 euros de rappel d’heures supplémentaires.

Les entreprises doivent utiliser ce statut de cadre dirigeant qu’avec parcimonie.

A défaut, elles exposent à un risque de voir écarté le statut de cadre dirigeant et de condamnation pour rappel d’heures supplémentaires si le salarié peut étayer ces dernières.

Pour lire l’intégralité de la brève, cliquez sur le lien ci-dessous

https://www.village-justice.com/articles/heures-supplementaires-associate-european-medical-lead-groupe-pharmaceutique,54747.html

Frédéric CHHUM avocat et ancien membre du conseil de l’ordre des avocats de Paris (mandat 2019-2021)

CHHUM AVOCATS (Paris, Nantes, Lille)

e-mail: chhum@chhum-avocats.com

www.chhum-avocats.fr

https://www.instagram.com/fredericchhum/?hl=fr

.Paris: 34 rue Petrelle 75009 Paris tel: 0142560300

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