Maître Marion LOCURATOLO

Avocat au barreau de Paris

Compétences : Droit du travail

Barreau : Paris

Adresse : 132 RUE LA FAYETTE 75010 PARIS

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Publié le 01/08/2025

Le recours abusif à l'arrêt de travail pour prolonger les congés payés...

Article juridique - Droit du travail

Par Me Marion LOCURATOLO

Le recours abusif à l'arrêt de travail pour prolonger les congés payés...

C'est une situation que de nombreux employeurs rencontrent, notamment en période estivale...

Un salarié par en congés puis, avant la date prévue pour sa reprise, il transmet un arrêt de travail.

Quelques jours plus tard, l'employeur découvre sur les réseaux sociaux que le salarié est toujours en vacances...

Face à ce type de comportement, l'employeur se sent légitimement floué : désorganisation de l'entreprise, surcharge pour les équipes présentes, mais surtout, rupture du lien de confiance... Dans la majorité des cas, l'employeur souhaite sanctionner voire licencier.

Mais attention ! Une telle situation ne caractérise pas automatiquement une faute, d'autant que le salarié bénéficie généralement des sorties libres.

La Cour de cassation ocnsidère que ce comportement ne constitue pas, en soi, un manquement à l'obligation de loyauté qui subsiste pendant l'arrêt de travail.

Pour que la faute (grave) soit caractérisée et que la rupture soit justifiée, il faut que la situation cause un préjudice concret à l'employeur - lequel ne peut résulter du seul paiement des indemnités complémentaires. (Cass. soc, 26 février 2020, n°18-10.017 et 7 décembre 2022, n°21-19.132).

Si ces décisions concernaient un salarié exerçant une activité professionnelle chez un autre employeur pendant son arrêt de travail, elles s'étendent par analogie à d'autres situations : activité sportive, séjour à la plage...

Une position souvent incomprise et frustrante pour les employeurs qui souhaitent agir face à des comportements manifestement abusifs.

Heureusement, ce n'est pas une fatalité. Il existe des solutions concrètes, efficaces et juridiquement sécurisées pour traiter ce type de situation.

Vous êtes confrontés à un cas similaire ? Vous souhaitez en savoir plus ? N'hésitez pas à me contacter.