Maître Philippe AXELROUDE

Avocat au barreau de Paris

Avocat titulaire d'un certificat de spécialisation en Droit du travail

Compétences : Droit du travail

Barreau : Paris

Adresse : 4 RUE GEORGES VILLE 75116 PARIS

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Publié le 27/04/2026

Alerte CSE : le licenciement d’une salariée peut-il bloquer une action pour maltraitance? (Cass. soc., 18 mars 2026, n° 24-15.990 F-B)

Article juridique - Droit du travail

Par Me Philippe AXELROUDE

Alerte CSE : le licenciement d’une salariée peut-il bloquer une action pour maltraitance? (Cass. soc., 18 mars 2026, n° 24-15.990 F-B)

Une salariée d’un établissement pour personnes handicapées dénonce des faits de maltraitance présumés. Peu après, sa collègue, mise en cause, est licenciée pour faute grave… le même jour que la saisine du CSE devant les prud’hommes. L’employeur tente alors de faire échec à l’action du comité en invoquant l’absence de la salariée dans l’entreprise au moment de la saisine.

Pour la Cour de cassation, le CSE ne peut exercer son droit d’alerte pour atteinte aux droits des personnes que si le salarié concerné est encore présent dans l’entreprise au jour de la saisine du juge. Une condition strictement interprétée, comme le rappelle l’arrêt du 18 mars 2026

Dans cette affaire, l’employeur n’a pas pu prouver l’heure exacte du licenciement, faute d’indication sur l’enveloppe. Résultat : le CSE a été jugé recevable, et l’action a pu se poursuivre.

La recevabilité d’une action peut dépendre du jour, e l’heure exacte de la saisine. Pensez à documenter les dates et heures de vos courriers officiels et à conserver les preuves.