Maître Quentin MUGNIER

Avocat au barreau de Thonon-les-Bains

Compétences : Droit du dommage corporel, Droit commercial, des affaires et de la concurrence, Droit des assurances, Droit pénal

Barreau : Thonon-les-Bains, Léman et Genevois

Adresse : 6 Avenue des Allobroges 74202 THONON LES BAINS CEDEX

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Publié le 23/07/2025

Responsabilité délictuelle : la faute de la victime peut limiter son indemnisation (Cass. 3e civ., 5 juin 2025)

Article juridique - Droit des assurances

Par Me Quentin MUGNIER

Responsabilité délictuelle : la faute de la victime peut limiter son indemnisation (Cass. 3e civ., 5 juin 2025)

La Cour de cassation vient de rappeler un principe important : si la victime aggrave son préjudice par sa propre faute, elle peut voir son droit à indemnisation limité.(Cass. 3e civ. 5 juin 2025, n° 23-23775)

Dans l’affaire jugée le 5 juin 2025, un éleveur, bien qu’informé de la pollution de ses parcelles, a continué à faire paître son bétail sur ces terres. La Haute juridiction considère que l’indemnisation ne doit couvrir que les préjudices subis avant cette décision fautive.

Autrement dit, la victime n’est pas obligée de réduire son préjudice dans l’intérêt du responsable, mais elle ne peut pas, par son comportement, aggraver ou prolonger le dommage sans conséquence sur son indemnisation.

Dès que la faute de la victime devient la « cause exclusive » du préjudice postérieur, son droit à réparation est limité ou exclu.

À retenir :