Maître Aude LASTES

Avocat au barreau de Paris

Compétences : Droit du travail et social

Barreau : Paris

Adresse : 9 RUE MONTALIVET 75008 PARIS

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Publié le 13/03/2019

Rappel sur les obligations de l’employeur concernant la mise en place du Comité économique et social (CSE)

Evènement/Actualité institutionnelle

Par Me Aude LASTES

Rappel sur les obligations de l’employeur concernant la mise en place du Comité économique et social (CSE)

L’ordonnance n°2017-1386 du 22 septembre 2017 (relative à la nouvelle organisation du dialogue social et économique dans l’entreprise et favorisant l’exercice et la valorisation des responsabilités syndicales) a réformé de manière importante la représentation du personnel dans l’entreprise puisqu’elle crée une instance unique de dialogue social avec le Comité social et économique (CSE).

Il est brièvement rappelé ci-après les obligations des entreprises de plus de 11 salariés concernant la mise en place du CSE.

Qu’est-ce que le CSE ?

Institué par les articles L.2311-1 et suivants du Code du travail, le CSE est l’instance représentative du personnel qui est amenée à se substituer :

Aux délégués du personnel dans les entreprises d’au moins 11 salariés - (Articles L.2312-5 et L.2312-6 du code du travail) ;
Et dans les entreprises d’au moins 50 salariés aux trois instances habituelles, à savoir les délégués du personnel, le comité d’entreprise et le CHSCT (ou encore la délégation unique du personnel ou à l’instance regroupée.) - (Articles L.2312-8 à L.2312-84 du code du travail)

Si la loi prévoyait auparavant la possibilité de regroupement (via notamment la délégation unique du personnel – DUP) ou l’instance regroupée, la fusion des 3 instances du personnel est désormais obligatoire.

Le CSE est-il obligatoire ?

Oui, la mise en place du CSE est obligatoire lorsque l’effectif de l’entreprise atteint au moins 11 salariés pendant 12 mois consécutifs (article L.2311-2 du code du travail). Le calcul de l’effectif est réalisé mois par mois. Si pour un mois donné, l’effectif de l’entreprise passe en deçà du seuil de 11 salariés, le décompte des 12 mois consécutifs repart de zéro.

A partir du 1er janvier 2020, tous les mandats des anciennes instances représentatives du personnel auront pris fin de sorte que le CSE devra avoir été institué dans toutes les entreprises d’au moins 11 salariés.

Quand mettre en place le CSE ?

Entreprises sans représentants du personnel

Au plus tard, au 1er janvier 2018. A compter de cette date, les entreprises dépourvues de représentants du personnel doivent mettre en place un CSE dès que l'effectif d'au moins 11 salariés est atteint pendant 12 mois consécutifs.

Entreprises avec représentant du personnel

Pour les entreprises déjà pourvues d’instances représentatives du personnel, le CSE doit être mis en place au terme des mandats des élus et au plus tard, le 31 décembre 2019, (fin de la période transitoire prévue par l’article 9 de l’ordonnance du 22 septembre 2017.) Il est donc impossible d'y déroger au-delà de la période transitoire.