Maître Diane MARCHAU

Avocat au barreau de Saint-Denis-la-Réunion

Compétences : Droit des assurances, Procédure civile, Droit immobilier

Barreau : Saint-Denis-de-la-Réunion

Adresse : 20 rue Jean Cocteau 97490 STE CLOTILDE

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Publié le 19/10/2021

Pourquoi et comment prendre une hypothèque

Article juridique - Droit immobilier

Par Me Diane MARCHAU

Pourquoi et comment prendre une hypothèque

Vous avez obtenu la condamnation de votre débiteur en justice mais celui-ci tarde à s'acquitter de son obligaiton ?

Vous n'avez pas encore de décision de justice mais vous souhaitez garantir le paiement de votre créance alors que la situation financière de votre débiteur semble en péril ?

Dans ces deux cas, et si votre débiteur est propriétaire d'un bien immobilier, vous avez la possibilité de prendre une hypothèque sur celui-ci.

L'intérêt est qu'en cas de non-paiement par le débiteur, vous pourrez engager une procédure de saisie immobilière pour obtenir la vente de son bien et ainsi et vous voir rembourser sur le produit de cette vente.

Attention, les règles et les formalités aux fins de prendre une hypothèque ne sont pas les mêmes suivant le cas :

Dans notre première situation, il s'agit de prendre une hypothèque judiciaire définitive, et après avoir obtenu les renseignements nécessaires sur les biens appartenant au débiteur, il suffira de régulariser et enregistrer un bordereau d'inscription auprès du Service de publicité foncière, dont les frais sont à la charge du créancier.

Votre Avocat peut vous accompagner dans ces démarches quelque peu complexes.

Cette hyptohèque définitive garantit votre droit sur le bien durant dix ans.

Pour la seconde situation, s'agissant d'une hypothèque judiciaire dite "provisoire" ou "conservatoire" dans l'attente d'une décision condamnant le débiteur, il vous faudra nécessairement passer par votre Conseil pour solliciter une autorisation auprès du Juge de l'exécution ou du Président du Tribunal de commerce suivant la nature de l'affaire.

Une fois l'autorisation obtenue, des formalités doivent être accomplies dans des délais très courts afin de procéder à l'inscription de l'hypothèque sur le bien.

Cette hypothèque "provisoire" ou "conservatoire" permet une garantie de trois ans sur le bien. Elle peut, bien sûr être convertie en hypothèque définitive dès obtention de la décision de condamnation du débiteur.

Dans tous les cas, n'hésitez pas à faire appel à votre Conseil pour un accompagnement ou davantage de précisions.