Maître Mohamed-El Hassan KOHEN

Avocat au barreau de Paris

Compétences : Droit pénal, Droit de la famille, des personnes et de leur patrimoine, Droit du travail

Barreau : Paris

Adresse : 11 RUE MARGUERITTE 75017 PARIS

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Publié le 16/12/2025

Tribunal judiciaire de Grasse, le 17 septembre 2025, n°24/02640

Article juridique - Droit pénal

Par Me Mohamed-El Hassan KOHEN

Rendu par le juge de l’exécution du tribunal judiciaire de Grasse le 17 septembre 2025, le jugement tranche plusieurs questions centrales d’exécution forcée. Il statue sur la validité formelle d’une saisie-attribution initiée par le preneur pour obtenir restitution d’une provision après infirmation, sur la possibilité d’opposer une compensation réduisant la dette, et sur les demandes de sursis et de consignation. L’espèce s’inscrit dans le prolongement d’un contentieux de bail commercial, marqué par une ordonnance de référé ayant alloué une provision au bailleur puis par un arrêt de la cour d’appel d’[Localité 4], 14 mars 2024, infirmant l’allocation et consacrant l’obligation de restituer. Sur le fondement de cet arrêt, le preneur a fait pratiquer, le 25 avril 2024, une saisie-attribution entre les mains d’un établissement bancaire, dénoncée le 29 avril 2024. Le bailleur a contesté la saisie pour vice de forme, a opposé compensation avec des loyers et charges exigibles (mars à mai 2024) et une condamnation antérieure du 20 février 2024, et a sollicité un sursis à statuer ainsi qu’une consignation partielle.

La question de droit portait, d’abord, sur la nullité alléguée du procès-verbal et de la dénonciation pour erreur d’enseigne, à l’aune des exigences des articles R.211-1 et R.211-3 du code des procédures civiles d’exécution, combinés avec l’article 648 et le régime du grief de l’article 114 du code de procédure civile. Elle visait, ensuite, l’étendue de la compensation opposable en cours d’exécution et le cantonnement corrélatif de la saisie, ainsi que les pouvoirs du juge de l’exécution en matière de sursis et de consignation. Le juge rejette la nullité, admet la compensation à hauteur de 28 180 euros et cantonne la saisie à 45 156,11 euros, tout en refusant sursis et consignation. Il rappelle à juste titre que « l'obligation de restitution résulte de plein droit de la réformation de la décision de première instance ayant alloué des sommes d’argent et que la décision d'infirmation du jugement de condamnation constitue un titre exécutoire ».

Lire la suite sur le site du Cabinet KOHEN AVOCATS