Maître Laetitia NICAUD

Avocat au barreau du Tarn-Garonne

Compétences : Droit de la famille, des personnes et de leur patrimoine, Droit du crédit et de la consommation, Droit immobilier

Barreau : Tarn-et-Garonne

Adresse : 13 rue Henri Marre 82000 MONTAUBAN

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Publié le 08/06/2021

POINT SUCCESSION : renonciation à la succession et frais d'obsèques

Article juridique - Droit de la famille, des personnes et de leur patrimoine

Par Me Laetitia NICAUD

POINT SUCCESSION : renonciation à la succession et frais d'obsèques

La renonciation à une succession protège t elle de toute charge ?

OUI et/ou NON

Il est possible de répondre à cette question par l'affirmative ou par la négative.

Pourquoi ?

La réponse est propre à chaque succession.

Ainsi, et indépendamment de la renonciation à la succession, il faudra prendre en considération l'actif successoral.

La renonciation à la succession est souvent utilisée lorsque l'héritier a connaissance ou suppose que la personne décédée avait peu de biens, ou de nombreuses dettes.

https://www.service-public.fr/particuliers/vosdroits/R2849

Elle ne libère malheureusement pas de toute obligation.

Une charge peut demeurer imputable à l'héritier, qu'il soit ascendant ou descendant, et bien qu'il soit réputé ne jamais avoir été héritier avec la renonciation à la succession : https://www.service-public.fr/particuliers/vosdroits/F1199

Il s'agit des frais d'obsèques.

Ces frais demeurent à la charge du ou des héritiers, lorsque l'actif de communauté ne permet pas de les prendre en charge en intégralité.

Le montant à la charge de l'héritier est calculé en fonction du coût de la prestation et des ressources du débiteur, soit l'héritier.

Les règles sont ici communes à celles de l'obligation alimentaire avec une détermination du montant à concurrence des ressources du débiteur, et en application des articles 205 et 371 du code civil.

La cour de cassation a confirmé que l'obligation de contribuer aux frais funéraires dépendait du même régime que celui de l'obligation alimentaire.

Partant, tout héritier peut exciper de l'exception d'indignité pour échapper à la demande en paiement de frais d'obsèques.

L'arrêt de référence est celui rendu le 31 mars 2021 par la première chambre civile.