Maître Grégoire MEHL

Avocat au barreau de Strasbourg

Compétences : Droit du sport, Droit pénal, Droit de la famille, des personnes et de leur patrimoine, Droit des étrangers et de la nationalité

Barreau : Strasbourg

Adresse : 1 rue du Vieux Marché aux Poissons 67000 STRASBOURG

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Publié le 26/06/2020

Covid-19 et droit du sport

Article juridique - Droit du sport

Par Me Grégoire MEHL

Inédite par son ampleur et ses conséquences, l'actuelle crise sanitaire touche tous les domaines de nos vies quotidiennes. Les différents acteurs du sport ne sont pas épargnés. Ils doivent ainsi faire face à une grande incertitude sur l'avenir de leurs activités.

Les sportifs s'interrogent notamment sur le devenir de leurs contrats. La crise actuelle est-elle constitutive d'un cas de force majeure permettant la rupture du contrat de travail d'un sportif professionnel ? Si l'on peut rapidement être tenté de répondre par l'affirmative, l'examen détaillé des conditions d'application (imprévisibilité, extériorité, irrésistibilité) de cette notion nuance grandement cette solution.

La jurisprudence en fait d'ailleurs une interprétation très stricte.

La réponse à cette question dépendra donc beaucoup des clauses du contrat et de la situation particulière du sportif.

Les clubs sont aussi concernés

Quant aux clubs employeurs, au-delà des contrats de travail, l'impact sur les contrats de partenariats et de sponsoring risque aussi de se faire ressentir pour leur totale exécution et / ou leur continuité. La future santé financière des clubs dépendra grandement du sort de ces différents engagements contractuels.

Face à l'incertitude entourant la date et les conditions de la future saison sportive, certains clubs se sont vus imposés, par leur fédération, un classement final (et donc des promotions / relégations) alors que leur championnat n'est pas allé à son terme. C'est notamment le cas pour la Fédération Française de Football avec l'ensemble des championnats "amateurs" (jusqu'à la Nationale 2). Des recours ont ainsi été engagés, qui devraient notamment, dans un premier temps, entraîner l'intervention du Comité National Olympique et Sportif Français. Les propositions issues de ces audiences de conciliation seront observées avec attention par l'ensemble du monde sportif.

Ce rapide et sommaire tour d'horizon de l'impact de la crise sanitaire sur le sport permet de penser qu'elle pourrait aussi être source de nombreux contentieux.