Maître Mathurin BRAZ

Avocat au barreau de Toulouse

Compétences : Droit du travail et social, Droit de la sécurité sociale

Barreau : Toulouse

Adresse : 22, boulevard Lazare Carnot 31000 TOULOUSE

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Publié le 18/12/2023

Vers une présomption de salariat pour les travailleurs des plateformes numériques types Uber et Deliveroo ?

Article juridique - Droit du travail et social

Par Me Mathurin BRAZ

Vers une présomption de salariat pour les travailleurs des plateformes numériques types Uber et Deliveroo ?

Un accord de projet de directive européenne vient d'instaurer une présomption de salariat pour les travailleurs des plateformes numériques types Uber et Deliveroo.

La France ne plébiscitait pas une telle issue; et pourtant un accord en ce sens vient de voir le jour au niveau européen : ce sera une présomption de salariat.

Quelles conditions?

Cette présomption devrait valoir sous réserve de la présence de deux des cinq indicateurs de contrôle ou de direction définis :

plafonds applicable à la rémunération que le travailleur peut percevoir;
supervision de l'exécution du travail, y compris par des moyens électroniques;
contrôle de la répartition ou de l'attribution des tâches;
contrôle des conditions de travail et limitation de la latitude de choisir son horaire de travail;
limitation de la liberté d'organiser son travail.

Les Etats membres pourront toutefois, selon le texte européen, ajouter d'autres indicateurs à cette liste.

Il sera tout de même possible pour la plateforme de démontrer qu'il n'existe pas de relation de travail conformément à la législation et pratique nationale.

Par ailleurs, d'autres obligations découlent également de ce texte:

les plateformes devront informer les travailleurs du recours à des systèmes de surveillance et de prise de décision automatisés;
Les plateformes n'auront pas le droit de traiter certains types de données à caractère personnel;
Un personnel humain qualifié devra superviser les systèmes automatisés, et contrôler la suspension des comptes.

Ce texte doit désormais être formellement adopté par le Parlement et le Conseil. Les Etats membres disposeront ensuite de deux ans pour intégrer les dispositions dans leur législation nationale.

Cette nouvelle présomption pour les travailleurs des plateformes types Uber et Deliveroo ne manquera pas de faire réagir. Elle constitue toutefois un "accord révolutionnaire" selon la rapporteure Elisabetta Gualmini.

Pour toute question ou accompagnement, n’hésitez pas à contacter le cabinet :

https://braz-avocat.com/