Maître Catherine SCHULD

Avocat au barreau de Grenoble

Barreau : Grenoble

Adresse : 86 rue de la Liberté 38180 SEYSSINS

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Publié le 07/02/2025

Location Airbnb et clause d'habitation bourgeoise : ce qu'il faut savoir

Article juridique - Droit immobilier

Par Me Catherine SCHULD

Location Airbnb et clause d'habitation bourgeoise : ce qu'il faut savoir

La location d'un appartement via Airbnb dans une copropriété avec une clause d'habitation bourgeoise peut être un véritable casse-tête juridique. Cette situation se situe dans une zone grise légale, oscillant entre la location civile et commerciale. La Cour de cassation a tranché en faveur de la location meublée touristique dans ces immeubles, à condition que l'activité ne soit pas para-hôtelière.

Comprendre la clause d'habitation bourgeoise

La clause d'habitation bourgeoise autorise l'occupation d'un bien pour un usage exclusif d'habitation ou pour certaines activités libérales. Cependant, l'activité Airbnb peut être perçue comme commerciale si elle inclut des services para-hôteliers, tels que le petit-déjeuner, le nettoyage régulier, la fourniture de linge et la réception de la clientèle. Il est donc crucial de bien comprendre ces critères pour éviter toute requalification fiscale.

L'importance de la localisation et des autorisations

Les juges se montrent plus favorables à l'activité Airbnb dans des zones touristiques, comme les stations de ski, ce qui peut influencer les décisions. Depuis août 2024, l'administration fiscale considère souvent l'activité de meublé touristique comme para-hôtelière, impliquant une TVA. Pour sécuriser votre activité, il est recommandé d'obtenir une validation du syndic et une autorisation de l'assemblée générale des copropriétaires.

Avec l'évolution rapide de la jurisprudence et des réglementations fiscales, les propriétaires doivent rester attentifs aux changements légaux.

Références : L324-1-1 du Code du tourisme // Cass. 3e civ. 25 janv. 2024, n° 22-21.455 // Article 261 D - 4° du CGI // TJ Paris 29 fév. 2024 n° 21/03182, n° 22/02321, 4 avr. 2024, n° 22/02674, 23 févr. 2024, n° 21/11598 // TJ Marseille 4 juin 2024, n°23/01710 // BOI-TVA-CHAMP-10-10-50-20 07/08/2024.