Maître Samuel ROCHEFORT

Avocat au barreau de Carpentras

Compétences : Droit de la famille, des personnes et de leur patrimoine, Droit des sociétés, Droit fiscal et droit douanier, Droit immobilier, Droit du travail et social, Droit rural, Droit de la propriété intellectuelle, Droit des associations et des fondations, Droit de la sécurité sociale et de la protection sociale

Barreau : Carpentras

Adresse : 63 Avenue Pierre Sémard 84200 CARPENTRAS

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Publié le 19/10/2019

SAS CROWDFUNDING ET GOUVERNANCE COOPERATIVE

Article juridique - Droit des sociétés

Par Me Samuel ROCHEFORT

SAS CROWDFUNDING ET GOUVERNANCE COOPERATIVE

Depuis le 21 juillet 2018, le Règlement européen dit « Prospectus 3 » est entré en vigueur pour sa partie relative aux seuils de dérogation à l'obligation de publier un prospectus d'offre au public. L'AMF a modifié son règlement général en conséquence.

Pour les offres au public d’un montant inférieur à 8 millions d’euros, sans admission à la cote et sans recours à un site de financement participatif, l’AMF exige désormais la publication non plus d’un prospectus mais d’un document proche de celui prévu pour les financements participatifs (document d’information simplifié ou « DIS ») et a donc modifié son règlement général pour y inclure les dispositions relatives à ce document et publié une nouvelle instruction n° 2018-07 pour fixer son contenu et la procédure applicable à sa publication.

Les dispositions de l’instruction AMF DOC-2018-07, vise uniquement les opérations relevant du champ d'application du 1. du I de l’article L. 411-2. I. 1° C. mon. fin.

Les SAS ne bénéficient donc pas de ces dispositions du fait du principe d’interdiction pour une SAS de procéder à une offre au public, seules les dispositions de L.411-2, I, 2° et 3° et II, C. mon. fin., c’est-à-dire relative au crowdfunding sont applicables pour la SAS;

L'article 14 de l'ordonnance de mai 2014 précise que pour pouvoir procéder à une offre de titres via une plate-forme de crowdfunding (régime d’exemption) les SAS doivent adapter leurs statuts en adoptant certaines dispositions en vigueur dans les SA.

La Gouvernance nécessairement proportionnelle au capital (maxi des droits de vote double sont autorisés si détention des actions de plus de deux ans).

Obligation d'avoir une AGE, pour statuer sur une modification de statuts, et ce dans les conditions de quorum et de majorité propres à celles d'une SA (art. L.225-96 du Code de commerce).

Délibérations de l'AG dans les conditions de quorum et de majorité propres à celles d'une SA (article L.225-98 du Code de commerce) et uniquement sur les questions inscrites à l'ordre du jour.

Cette obligation empêche notamment toute SAS à gouvernance coopérative de recourir à du crowdfunding en titres.