Maître Thomas GRELIER

Avocat au barreau de Paris

Compétences : Droit commercial, des affaires et de la concurrence, Droit des garanties, des sûretés et des mesures d'exécution, Procédure civile

Barreau : Paris

Adresse : 9 RUE DUPHOT 75001 PARIS

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Publié le 23/06/2026

Factures impayées : quelle procédure judiciaire choisir ?

Article juridique - Droit commercial, des affaires et de la concurrence

Par Me Thomas GRELIER

Les retards de paiement sont l'une des principales causes de défaillance des entreprises en France. Une créance impayée n'est pas seulement un incident de trésorerie : c'est un risque financier qui impose d'agir vite et dans la bonne direction.

Trois procédures judiciaires selon le profil de la créance :

1. Injonction de payer : pour les créances de nature contractuelle ou statutaire les plus courantes et les plus simples.

2. Référé-provision : lorsque la créance n'est pas sérieusement contestable mais que le débiteur refuse de payer.

3. Procédure au fond : pour les dossiers complexes ou à forts enjeux avec un risque sérieux de contestation.

Conseil pratique : veillez au respect du délai de prescription qui continue de courir tant qu’aucune demande en justice n’a été formée. Les relances amiables et mises en demeure, même par lettre recommandée, ne sont pas interruptives de prescription.

Vous faites face à des factures impayées et souhaitez engager une procédure de recouvrement ? Retrouvez l'article complet du cabinet : Recouvrement de factures impayées.