Maître Elise MATHEVON

Avocat au barreau de Lyon

Compétences : Droit public, Droit immobilier, Droit de l'environnement

Barreau : Lyon

Adresse : 97 Avenue Maréchal de Saxe 69003 LYON

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Publié le 12/07/2022

Accélérer les contentieux en matière d'urbanisme : suppression du degré d'appel et délais de jugement

Article juridique - Droit immobilier

Par Me Elise MATHEVON

Accélérer les contentieux en matière d'urbanisme : suppression du degré d'appel et délais de jugement

Le Décret n°2022-929 du 24 juin 2022 confirme la suppression du degré d'appel, ainsi que le délai de jugement en 10 mois, en cas de recours introduits à l'encontre, notamment, des permis de construire des logements collectifs et des permis d'aménager un lotissement.

Dans la lignée de l'expérimentation lancée en 2013, et prorogée en 2018, le nouveau décret proroge et étend la suppression du degré d'appel pour les recours introduits à l'encontre :

des permis de construire ou démolir un bâtiment comportant au moins 3 logements;
des permis d'aménager et déclarations préalables autorisant un lotissement;
des décisions portant refus de (ou opposition à) ces autorisations.

Ces dispositions ne sont applicables qu'aux projets situés sur le territoire de communes en zone tendue de logements, dont la liste est disponible >>> ici <<<.

L'appel est également supprimé pour les recours introduits à l'encontre :

des actes de création ou de modification des zones d'aménagement concerté (ZAC) et des actes approuvant le programme des équipements publics lorsque la ZAC (1) a pour principal objet la réalisation de logements et (2) qu'elle est située sur le territoire d'une commune en zone tendue de logements;
de certaines décisions prises en matière environnementale relatives à des actions ou opérations d’aménagement (1) situées en tout ou partie en zone tendue et (2) réalisées dans le périmètre d’une grande opération d’urbanisme (GOU) ou d’une opération d’intérêt national (OIN).

Outre la suppression de l'appel, le décret étend le délai de jugement en 10 mois aux décisions de refus de permis de construire un bâtiment de plus de trois logements et de permis d'aménager un lotissement (article R600-6, C. urb.).

Pour rappel, le juge est censé statuer en 10 mois sur les recours contre les permis de construire un bâtiment de plus de trois logements et de permis d'aménager un lotissement depuis 2018.

Ces dispositions sont applicables, que le projet se situe dans une commune en zone tendue ou non.

En revanche, aucune sanction n'est prévue en cas de non-respect de cette obligation.

Ces dispositifs sont temporaires et applicables aux recours introduits entre le 1er septembre 2022 et le 31 décembre 2027.