Maître Raymond AUTEVILLE

Avocat au barreau de La Martinique

Avocat titulaire d'un certificat de spécialisation en Droit immobilier

Compétences : Droit immobilier, Droit des assurances, Baux commerciaux et professionnels, Droit de la famille, des personnes et de leur patrimoine, Droit du dommage corporel, Droit de la santé, Droit commercial, des affaires et de la concurrence, Droit du crédit et de la consommation, Mesures conservatoires, Droit du travail, Urbanisme, Procédure civile, Procédure d'appel, Droit pénal

Barreau : Martinique

Adresse : 51 rue Lazare CARNOT 97200 FORT DE FRANCE

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CAUTIONNEMENT : MENTION MANUSCRITE.

Article juridique

Par Me Raymond AUTEVILLE

Les articles 341-2 et suivants du Code de la Consommation imposent, à peine de nullité, la reproduction d'une mention manuscrite de la caution.

Ce formalisme a été voulu comme une protection pour la caution. Il n'en reste pas moins, que souvent, la mention manuscrite est incomplète.

Dans un premier temps, la jurisprudence a jugé très strictement, le formalisme imposé par le législateur. Aujourd'hui, les banques tiennent leur revanche. Les juges recherchent avant tout, si la caution a été éclairée sur la portée de ses engagements.

Un plaideur qui n'avait pas reproduit fidèlement la mention manuscrite, a plaidé la nullité de l'acte de caution, sur le fondement de l'article L 341-2 précité.

La Chambre Commerciale a approuvé les juges du fond, d'avoir dit et jugé que la mention, telle que rédigée, reflétait que la caution était parfaitement éclairée sur la nature et la portée de son engagement. L'omission des termes « mes biens » n'avait pour conséquence, que de limiter le gage de la banque, aux revenus de la caution, à l'exclusion de ses biens, et n'affectait pas la validité du cautionnement (Cas. Com. 1er octobre 2013 - n° 12 - 20278).