Maître Isabelle KISTNER

Avocat au barreau du Val-de-Marne - Créteil

Compétences : Droit du travail et social, Droit de la famille, des personnes et de leur patrimoine, Procédure civile, Baux d'habitation

Barreau : Val-de-Marne

Adresse : 20 Rue Albert Thomas 94500 CHAMPIGNY SUR MARNE

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Publié le 22/02/2022

L’intermédiation financière des pensions alimentaires (IFPA)

Article juridique - Droit de la famille, des personnes et de leur patrimoine

Par Me Isabelle KISTNER

L’intermédiation financière des pensions alimentaires (IFPA)

La loi n°2021-1754 du 23 décembre 2021 de financement de la sécurité sociale pour 2022 a été publiée au JO du 24 décembre 2021.

L’IFPA consiste pour le parent débiteur d’une pension alimentaire à en verser mensuellement le montant à l’organisme débiteur des prestations familiales (la CAF ou la caisse de la MSA) qui se charge ensuite de le reverser au parent créancier.

Ce système de recouvrement ne présente pour autant aucune garantie aux créanciers de pensions alimentaires, car à défaut de paiement spontané, la CAF devra recourir à un paiement direct.

Son article 100 systématise la mise en place de l’intermédiation financière des pensions alimentaires (IFPA) pour toutes les contributions à l’entretien et l’éducation de l’enfant fixées par le Juge.

Cette réforme est mise en application au 1er mars pour les divorces et au 1er janvier 2023 pour les autres procédures (hormis contribution aux charges du mariage, pensions au titre du devoir de secours et prestation compensatoire).

Est-ce que l’IFPA va améliorer le paiement des pensions des 30 % de créanciers qui rencontrent des difficultés de recouvrement ? Rien n’est moins sûr.

En revanche, la lourdeur du système, les délais supplémentaires, voire des doublons de paiement des débiteurs sont à présager, créant ainsi de nouveaux contentieux. Les copies exécutoires étant directement envoyées à la CAF (ou MSA) par les Greffiers, les avocats n’auront plus la main pour signifier rapidement les décisions qui ne contiennent pas que des mesures financières.