Maître Claire-Hélène BERNY

Avocat au barreau de Lyon

Compétences : Droit commercial, des affaires et de la concurrence, Droit du travail

Barreau : Lyon

Adresse : 148 Rue Duguesclin 69006 LYON

{"comp-1":{"id":"1","name":"Avocat g\u00e9n\u00e9raliste","type":"public1","childs":[]},"comp-2":{"id":"2","name":"Droit civil, de la famille, des personnes, et de la consommation","type":"public1","childs":{"comp-1":{"id":"1","name":"Droit de la famille, des personnes et de leur patrimoine","type":"cnb1","childs":{"comp-21":{"id":"21","name":"Divorce, s\u00e9paration, droit de garde, pension alimentaire, prestation compensatoire","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-22":{"id":"22","name":"Etat civil : changement de nom ou pr\u00e9nom, mariage, pacs, concubinage","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-23":{"id":"23","name":"Majeurs incapables : tutelles, curatelles","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-24":{"id":"24","name":"Adoption, filiation et Contestation \/ reconnaissance de paternit\u00e9","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-25":{"id":"25","name":"Successions, donations, h\u00e9ritages, testaments","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-26":{"id":"26","name":"Droit du patrimoine, r\u00e9gime matrimonial, contrats de mariage","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-27":{"id":"27","name":"Droit du surendettement et d\u00e9fense des personnes surendett\u00e9es","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-28":{"id":"28","name":"Autorit\u00e9 parentale et garde des enfants","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-29":{"id":"29","name":"Responsabilit\u00e9 civile, sinistres, accidents, dommages et int\u00e9r\u00eats","type":"public2","childs":[]}}},"comp-8":{"id":"8","name":"Droit du cr\u00e9dit et de la consommation","type":"cnb1","childs":{"comp-31":{"id":"31","name":"D\u00e9fense des emprunteurs, cr\u00e9dits \u00e0 la consommation, pr\u00eat immobilier et caution","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-32":{"id":"32","name":"Protection du consommateur : contrats, vente \u00e0 distance, clauses abusives, vice cach\u00e9","type":"public2","childs":[]}}}}},"comp-3":{"id":"3","name":"Droit immobilier, baux, construction, voisinage","type":"public1","childs":{"comp-5":{"id":"5","name":"Droit immobilier","type":"cnb1","childs":{"comp-34":{"id":"34","name":"Immobilier professionnel : Bail commercial, fonds de commerce, droit au bail, locaux","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-35":{"id":"35","name":"Conflits de voisinage, servitudes, d\u00e9pendances, droit de passage","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-36":{"id":"36","name":"Construction, travaux, malfa\u00e7ons et responsabilit\u00e9 artisans, ma\u00eetre d'oeuvre, architecte...","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-37":{"id":"37","name":"Bail d'habitation, contentieux propri\u00e9taire-locataire, loyers, cong\u00e9s, expulsions","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-38":{"id":"38","name":"Copropri\u00e9t\u00e9, contentieux des AG, litiges copropri\u00e9taires, syndic","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-39":{"id":"39","name":"Urbanisme, permis de construire, lotir, autorisation travaux, PLU...","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-40":{"id":"40","name":"Droit de l'expropriation, pr\u00e9emption, DIA, contentieux","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-41":{"id":"41","name":"Droit des mines, \u00e9nergies renouvelables, mati\u00e8res premi\u00e8res","type":"public2","childs":[]}}},"comp-9":{"id":"9","name":"Droit public","type":"cnb1","childs":{"comp-39":{"id":"39","name":"Urbanisme, permis de construire, lotir, autorisation travaux, PLU...","type":"public2","childs":[]}}}}},"comp-4":{"id":"4","name":"Droit du travail et droit de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 sociale","type":"public1","childs":{"comp-6":{"id":"6","name":"Droit du travail et social","type":"cnb1","childs":{"comp-42":{"id":"42","name":"D\u00e9fense des salari\u00e9s lors d'un licenciement devant les prud\u2019hommes ","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-43":{"id":"43","name":"D\u00e9fense des salari\u00e9s en poste : modification contrat de travail, proc\u00e9dure disciplinaire","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-44":{"id":"44","name":"D\u00e9fense des salari\u00e9s : cong\u00e9s maternit\u00e9, parental, harc\u00e8lement moral et sexuel","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-45":{"id":"45","name":"D\u00e9fense des salari\u00e9s : transactions avec l'employeur, indemnit\u00e9s de d\u00e9part","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-46":{"id":"46","name":"D\u00e9fense des salari\u00e9s : accident, maladie professionnelle, invalidit\u00e9","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-48":{"id":"48","name":"Conseil en droit du travail et r\u00e9daction de contrats de travail","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-49":{"id":"49","name":"Droit du travail Employeurs : d\u00e9fense devant les Prudhommes","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-50":{"id":"50","name":"Droit du travail Employeurs : gestion proc\u00e9dures de licenciement et disciplinaires","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-51":{"id":"51","name":"Droit du travail Employeurs : conseil conditions de travail, s\u00e9curit\u00e9, hygi\u00e8ne, RI","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-55":{"id":"55","name":"Instances repr\u00e9sentatives du personnel","type":"public2","childs":[]}}},"comp-84":{"id":"84","name":"Droit de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 sociale et de la protection sociale","type":"cnb1","childs":{"comp-52":{"id":"52","name":"Conseil et d\u00e9fense des Employeurs lors d'un accident du travail, maladie d'un salari\u00e9","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-53":{"id":"53","name":"Conseil et d\u00e9fense des Employeurs : pr\u00e9vention des risques, DUER, retraite, pr\u00e9voyance","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-54":{"id":"54","name":"Conseil et d\u00e9fense des Employeurs en droit de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 sociale : URSAFF, RSI...","type":"public2","childs":[]}}}}},"comp-5":{"id":"5","name":"Droit des affaires, des contrats, et des soci\u00e9t\u00e9s commerciales","type":"public1","childs":{"comp-13":{"id":"13","name":"Droit commercial, des affaires et de la concurrence","type":"cnb1","childs":{"comp-56":{"id":"56","name":"R\u00e9daction de contrats commerciaux, de distribution, d'agent commercial","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-57":{"id":"57","name":"Litiges commerciaux, impay\u00e9s et recouvrement de cr\u00e9ances, arbitrage","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-60":{"id":"60","name":"Droit de la concurrence, rupture relations commerciales, concurrence d\u00e9loyale","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-61":{"id":"61","name":"Droit de la consommation, conditions g\u00e9n\u00e9rales de vente et d'utilisation (CGV et CGU)","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-62":{"id":"62","name":"Droit de la publicit\u00e9, image, sponsoring, partenariats, jeux concours","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-64":{"id":"64","name":"Entreprises en difficult\u00e9 : proc\u00e9dures de sauvegarde, redressement et liquidation judiciaire","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-65":{"id":"65","name":"Ventes de fonds de commerce et baux commerciaux","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-66":{"id":"66","name":"Contrats commerciaux internationaux, joint-venture, franchise, droit europ\u00e9en","type":"public2","childs":[]}}},"comp-98":{"id":"98","name":"Droit de l'arbitrage","type":"cnb1","childs":{"comp-57":{"id":"57","name":"Litiges commerciaux, impay\u00e9s et recouvrement de cr\u00e9ances, arbitrage","type":"public2","childs":[]}}},"comp-2":{"id":"2","name":"Droit des soci\u00e9t\u00e9s","type":"cnb1","childs":{"comp-58":{"id":"58","name":"Cr\u00e9ation de soci\u00e9t\u00e9s (SARL, SAS, SA, SCI, SCM...), statuts, immatriculation","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-59":{"id":"59","name":"Droit des soci\u00e9t\u00e9s : PV d'AG, cessions de parts et actions, augmentation capital...","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-63":{"id":"63","name":"Fusions et acquisitions, audit, capital-risque, LBO, droit boursier","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-64":{"id":"64","name":"Entreprises en difficult\u00e9 : proc\u00e9dures de sauvegarde, redressement et liquidation judiciaire","type":"public2","childs":[]}}},"comp-88":{"id":"88","name":"Droit du num\u00e9rique et des communications","type":"cnb1","childs":{"comp-62":{"id":"62","name":"Droit de la publicit\u00e9, image, sponsoring, partenariats, jeux concours","type":"public2","childs":[]}}},"comp-89":{"id":"89","name":"Droit bancaire et boursier","type":"cnb1","childs":{"comp-63":{"id":"63","name":"Fusions et acquisitions, audit, capital-risque, LBO, droit boursier","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-67":{"id":"67","name":"Droit bancaire et financier, contentieux et op\u00e9rations de financement","type":"public2","childs":[]}}},"comp-12":{"id":"12","name":"Droit international et de l'Union europ\u00e9enne","type":"cnb1","childs":{"comp-66":{"id":"66","name":"Contrats commerciaux internationaux, joint-venture, franchise, droit europ\u00e9en","type":"public2","childs":[]}}},"comp-10":{"id":"10","name":"Droit des garanties, des s\u00fbret\u00e9s et des mesures d'ex\u00e9cution","type":"cnb1","childs":{"comp-68":{"id":"68","name":"Droit des garanties, des s\u00fbret\u00e9s et des mesures d'ex\u00e9cution","type":"public2","childs":[]}}},"comp-91":{"id":"91","name":"Droit des transports","type":"cnb1","childs":{"comp-69":{"id":"69","name":"Droit des transports","type":"public2","childs":[]}}},"comp-99":{"id":"99","name":"Droit du sport","type":"cnb1","childs":{"comp-70":{"id":"70","name":"Droit du sport : contrats commerciaux, image, publicit\u00e9, agent, fiscalit\u00e9","type":"public2","childs":[]}}},"comp-100":{"id":"100","name":"Droit de la fiducie","type":"cnb1","childs":{"comp-71":{"id":"71","name":"Droit de la fiducie","type":"public2","childs":[]}}},"comp-83":{"id":"83","name":"Droit des associations et des fondations","type":"cnb1","childs":{"comp-72":{"id":"72","name":"Droit des associations et des fondations","type":"public2","childs":[]}}},"comp-7":{"id":"7","name":"Droit rural","type":"cnb1","childs":{"comp-73":{"id":"73","name":"Droit rural: cr\u00e9ation soci\u00e9t\u00e9s agricoles, baux ruraux, contrats commerciaux, hygi\u00e8ne","type":"public2","childs":[]}}}}},"comp-6":{"id":"6","name":"Droit du num\u00e9rique et des communications","type":"public1","childs":{"comp-88":{"id":"88","name":"Droit du num\u00e9rique et des communications","type":"cnb1","childs":{"comp-74":{"id":"74","name":"R\u00e9daction de contrats informatiques, logiciels, internet, CGV sites web","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-75":{"id":"75","name":"Contentieux en contrefa\u00e7on, concurrence d\u00e9loyale et parasitisme","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-80":{"id":"80","name":"Protection des donn\u00e9es personnelles et s\u00e9curit\u00e9 informatique","type":"public2","childs":[]}}},"comp-11":{"id":"11","name":"Droit de la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 intellectuelle","type":"cnb1","childs":{"comp-75":{"id":"75","name":"Contentieux en contrefa\u00e7on, concurrence d\u00e9loyale et parasitisme","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-76":{"id":"76","name":"Droits d'auteurs et droits voisins, contrats d'\u00e9dition, de cession","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-77":{"id":"77","name":"D\u00e9p\u00f4t de marques, INPI, recherches d'ant\u00e9riorit\u00e9, cession, licence, transfert","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-78":{"id":"78","name":"D\u00e9p\u00f4t de brevets, contrats de licence, r\u00e8glement de copropri\u00e9t\u00e9 de brevets","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-79":{"id":"79","name":"D\u00e9p\u00f4t de dessins et mod\u00e8les, recherches d'ant\u00e9riorit\u00e9","type":"public2","childs":[]}}},"comp-103":{"id":"103","name":"Droit de la protection des donn\u00e9es personnelles","type":"cnb1","childs":{"comp-80":{"id":"80","name":"Protection des donn\u00e9es personnelles et s\u00e9curit\u00e9 informatique","type":"public2","childs":[]}}}}},"comp-7":{"id":"7","name":"Droit fiscal, imp\u00f4ts, taxes","type":"public1","childs":{"comp-4":{"id":"4","name":"Droit fiscal et droit douanier","type":"cnb1","childs":{"comp-81":{"id":"81","name":"Assistance aux entreprises lors d'un contentieux ou contr\u00f4le fiscal","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-82":{"id":"82","name":"Conseil et ing\u00e9nierie fiscale aux entreprises et dirigeants","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-83":{"id":"83","name":"Fiscalit\u00e9 des particuliers : assistance \u00e0 d\u00e9claration d'imp\u00f4t sur le revenu, ISF, SCI","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-84":{"id":"84","name":"Fiscalit\u00e9 des particuliers : contr\u00f4le fiscal et contestation redressement","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-85":{"id":"85","name":"Fiscalit\u00e9 du patrimoine, optimisation fiscale, transmission, expatriation","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-86":{"id":"86","name":"Fiscalit\u00e9 immobili\u00e8re : SCI, sch\u00e9mas de d\u00e9tention des biens, LMP, Malraux","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-87":{"id":"87","name":"Fiscalit\u00e9 internationale : droits de douane, r\u00e9sidence fiscale, prix de transfert","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-88":{"id":"88","name":"TVA : sch\u00e9mas d'optimisation, remboursement, exon\u00e9rations","type":"public2","childs":[]}}}}},"comp-8":{"id":"8","name":"Droit des assurances, du dommage corporel et de la sant\u00e9","type":"public1","childs":{"comp-80":{"id":"80","name":"Droit du dommage corporel","type":"cnb1","childs":{"comp-95":{"id":"95","name":"D\u00e9fense des victimes d'accident et r\u00e9paration du pr\u00e9judice corporel","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-96":{"id":"96","name":"Mise en cause de la responsabilit\u00e9 m\u00e9dicale et indemnisation","type":"public2","childs":[]}}},"comp-82":{"id":"82","name":"Droit des assurances","type":"cnb1","childs":{"comp-97":{"id":"97","name":"Droit des assurances et contentieux avec l'assureur li\u00e9s aux sinistres","type":"public2","childs":[]}}},"comp-97":{"id":"97","name":"Droit de la sant\u00e9","type":"cnb1","childs":{"comp-98":{"id":"98","name":"Contrats et contentieux commerciaux dans le secteur de la sant\u00e9","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-99":{"id":"99","name":"Conseil corporate aux professionnels de la sant\u00e9 et structures d'exercice","type":"public2","childs":[]}}}}},"comp-9":{"id":"9","name":"Droit p\u00e9nal, droit routier et droit des \u00e9trangers","type":"public1","childs":{"comp-3":{"id":"3","name":"Droit p\u00e9nal","type":"cnb1","childs":{"comp-89":{"id":"89","name":"Droit p\u00e9nal : d\u00e9fense des auteurs et victimes devant les tribunaux","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-90":{"id":"90","name":"Droit p\u00e9nal des affaires et responsabilit\u00e9 p\u00e9nale du dirigeant","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-91":{"id":"91","name":"Droit de la presse, contentieux de la diffamation et de la vie priv\u00e9e","type":"public2","childs":[]}}},"comp-81":{"id":"81","name":"Droit des \u00e9trangers et de la nationalit\u00e9","type":"cnb1","childs":{"comp-92":{"id":"92","name":"Droit des \u00e9trangers, visas, titres de s\u00e9jour, permis travail, demande nationalit\u00e9","type":"public2","childs":[]}}},"comp-12":{"id":"12","name":"Droit international et de l'Union europ\u00e9enne","type":"cnb1","childs":{"comp-92":{"id":"92","name":"Droit des \u00e9trangers, visas, titres de s\u00e9jour, permis travail, demande nationalit\u00e9","type":"public2","childs":[]}}},"comp-79":{"id":"79","name":"Droit routier et de la circulation routi\u00e8re","type":"cnb1","childs":{"comp-93":{"id":"93","name":"Droit routier : suspension et annulation permis de conduire","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-94":{"id":"94","name":"Droit routier : contestation retrait de points, PV et amendes","type":"public2","childs":[]}}}}},"comp-10":{"id":"10","name":"Droit public, urbanisme et droit de l'environnement","type":"public1","childs":{"comp-49":{"id":"49","name":"Droit de l'environnement","type":"cnb1","childs":{"comp-100":{"id":"100","name":"Droit de l'environnement: normes, d\u00e9chets, immobilier durable, fiscalit\u00e9 verte","type":"public2","childs":[]}}},"comp-9":{"id":"9","name":"Droit public","type":"cnb1","childs":{"comp-101":{"id":"101","name":"Conseil juridique et assistance aux collectivit\u00e9s locales","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-102":{"id":"102","name":"Droit \u00e9lectoral et \u00e9lections professionnelles","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-103":{"id":"103","name":"Droit public \u00e9conomique, contrats et march\u00e9s publics","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-104":{"id":"104","name":"Droit public europ\u00e9en et communautaire","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-105":{"id":"105","name":"Droit de la fonction publique et carri\u00e8res des agents","type":"public2","childs":[]}}},"comp-12":{"id":"12","name":"Droit international et de l'Union europ\u00e9enne","type":"cnb1","childs":{"comp-104":{"id":"104","name":"Droit public europ\u00e9en et communautaire","type":"public2","childs":[]}}}}},"comp-11":{"id":"11","name":"Droit international et de l'Union europ\u00e9enne","type":"public1","childs":{"comp-12":{"id":"12","name":"Droit international et de l'Union europ\u00e9enne","type":"cnb1","childs":{"comp-106":{"id":"106","name":"Contentieux devant les juridictions europ\u00e9ennes","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-107":{"id":"107","name":"Contentieux internationaux des affaires","type":"public2","childs":[]},"comp-108":{"id":"108","name":"Droit europ\u00e9en de la concurrence","type":"public2","childs":[]}}}}},"comp-12":{"id":"12","name":"Proc\u00e9dure civile, proc\u00e9dure d'appel","type":"public1","childs":{"comp-101":{"id":"101","name":"Proc\u00e9dure civile","type":"cnb1","childs":{"comp-30":{"id":"30","name":"Proc\u00e9dure civile : assignations, ex\u00e9cution jugements, r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9s TGI, TI...","type":"public2","childs":[]}}},"comp-102":{"id":"102","name":"Proc\u00e9dure d'appel","type":"cnb1","childs":{"comp-33":{"id":"33","name":"Proc\u00e9dure d'appel","type":"public2","childs":[]}}}}}}

Publié le 19/01/2026

Clause de non-concurrence dans un pacte d'associés : 3 questions pratiques après l'arrêt du 5 novembre 2025

Article juridique - Droit commercial, des affaires et de la concurrence

Par Me Claire-Hélène BERNY

Clause de non-concurrence dans un pacte d'associés : 3 questions pratiques après l'arrêt du 5 novembre 2025

Un arrêt de la chambre commerciale de la Cour de cassation du 5 novembre 2025 vient de remettre en lumière un risque souvent sous-estimé dans les pactes d'associés : la clause de non-concurrence imposée à un associé-salarié peut être annulée si sa contrepartie financière n'est pas réelle, identifiable et autonome.

Cette décision intéresse directement les dirigeants, les investisseurs et tous ceux qui négocient ou rédigent des pactes d'associés. Voici les trois questions que les dirigeants se posent le plus souvent sur ce sujet.

Une clause de non-concurrence dans un pacte d'associés est-elle toujours valable ?

Non. Une telle clause n'est valable que si elle est limitée dans le temps et dans l'espace, proportionnée aux intérêts légitimes de la société, et — lorsque l'associé est également salarié — assortie d'une contrepartie financière réelle. L'arrêt du 5 novembre 2025 ajoute une exigence supplémentaire : le juge doit vérifier concrètement que cette contrepartie est identifiable et non dérisoire. Il ne peut plus se contenter de la simple affirmation des parties.

Peut-on intégrer la contrepartie dans le prix de cession des titres ?

En principe oui, mais sous conditions strictes. La Cour de cassation exige que la contrepartie de la clause de non-concurrence soit objectivement identifiable dans le prix de cession — c'est-à-dire que la méthode de valorisation permette d'isoler la somme correspondant à l'engagement de non-concurrence. Une mention contractuelle vague affirmant que "la contrepartie est incluse dans le prix" ne suffit plus.

Quels risques concrets pour les entreprises mal préparées ?

Le risque est double. D'un côté, l'ancien associé peut obtenir la nullité de la clause de non-concurrence et exercer librement une activité concurrente — avec toutes les conséquences commerciales que cela implique. De l'autre, si une clause pénale était prévue, elle peut être remise en cause faute de contrepartie valable. Dans l'affaire jugée le 5 novembre 2025, c'est une condamnation à 350 000 euros qui a été cassée pour ce motif.

Pour une analyse complète de cet arrêt, ses enseignements pratiques pour la rédaction des pactes d'associés et les précautions à prendre lors des cessions de titres, consultez notre article de veille détaillé sur notre site internet : https://www.berny-avocat.fr/avocat-lyon-droit-commercial-droit-travail-veille-juridique/clause-de-non-concurrence-et-cession-de-titres-une-exigence-de-contrepartie-financiere-reelle-pour-lassocie-ayant-la-qualite-de-salarie