Maître Marine LE BIHAN

Avocat au barreau de Paris

Compétences : Droit commercial, des affaires et de la concurrence, Propriété littéraire et artistique, Droit du crédit et de la consommation, Droit des sociétés, Droit pénal, Droit bancaire et boursier, Procédure civile

Barreau : Paris

Adresse : 24 AVENUE DE L OPERA 75001 PARIS

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Publié le 02/11/2021

DESAFFECTION DU LOUVRE DES ANTIQUAIRES : A QUI LA FAUTE ?

Article juridique - Droit de la propriété intellectuelle

Par Me Marine LE BIHAN

DESAFFECTION DU LOUVRE DES ANTIQUAIRES : A QUI LA FAUTE ?

X a donné à bail à Y des locaux au centre commercial le Louvre des Antiquaires pour y exercer l’activité de commerce d'art.

Mais Y a restitué les locaux de façon anticipée.

Estimant que X s'est abstenu d'entretenir le Louvre des Antiquaires et a sciemment organisé sa désertification, Y l’a assigné en résiliation du bail à ses torts exclusifs.

Les manquements dénoncés par X étaient les suivants :

présence d'un échafaudage posant des problèmes d'image
manque de visibilité des entrées latérales
inoccupation des galeries
état d'entretien non conforme au standing du centre
problèmes de sécurité
état hors d'usage des caméras de vidéosurveillance

Le 10 juin 2021, la CA Paris a rejeté la demande de Y, estimant qu’il n’y a eu aucun délaissement volontaire de la part du bailleur :

l'installation des échafaudages avait un caractère ponctuel
les quelques dégradations constatées ne témoignent pas d'un manque d'entretien des parties communes
X a conclu des contrats relatifs à des prestations de nettoyage, d'accueil, de maintenance et de sécurité des lieux

Malgré l'essoufflement de la fréquentation et du concept du Louvre des Antiquaires, X a maintenu le centre dans un bon état d'entretien et de sécurité, même si le centre apparaît vieillissant au niveau des installations de sécurité et s'il présente une décoration un peu datée, de sorte que la désertification du centre ne peut pas être imputée à un manque d'entretien de X ou à une volonté de ne plus assurer le standing du centre.

Pour la Cour, la désertification progressive du centre est en réalité liée à :

un moindre intérêt de la clientèle pour ce type de concept
la pratique de certains antiquaires vendant à des prix très au-dessus du marché qui a pu affecter la réputation du centre

Le seul manquement que la Cour impute à X, c’est de ne pas avoir fait suffisamment d’efforts pour assurer une meilleure visibilité aux locataires.

Mais l’insuffisante promotion du Louvre des Antiquaires n’est pas un manquement suffisamment grave pour entraîner la résiliation du bail aux torts exclusifs du bailleur.

En revanche, cette insuffisante promotion ouvre droit à réparation du préjudice en résultant pour Y à hauteur d'une réfaction de 30% du loyer et des charges.

Fichier attaché