Maître Grégoire NORMIER

Avocat au barreau de Paris

Compétences : Droit de la famille, des personnes et de leur patrimoine, Droit des étrangers et de la nationalité, Réparation du préjudice corporel, Procédure d'appel

Barreau : Paris

Adresse : 22 AVENUE DE L OBSERVATOIRE 75014 PARIS

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Publié le 09/12/2025

La garantie d’éviction : la garantie du vendeur à l’égard de l’acheteur

Article juridique - Droit de la famille, des personnes et de leur patrimoine

Par Me Grégoire NORMIER

La garantie d’éviction : la garantie du vendeur à l’égard de l’acheteur

Principe :
- Le vendeur doit garantir la possession paisible du bien vendu et s’abstenir de tout acte troublant l’acheteur, et il répond aussi des troubles de droit invoqués par des tiers.
- La garantie pour le fait personnel du vendeur est d’ordre public : une clause exonératoire est nulle.
- À défaut de clause contraire, le vendeur répond des charges non déclarées affectant le bien, notamment des servitudes non apparentes non révélées (Civ. 3e, 13 févr. 2025, n° 23-17.636)
Sanctions
- En cas d’éviction (totale ou partielle), l’acheteur obtient selon les cas restitution du prix et des fruits, dommages-intérêts et frais, voire résolution si l’éviction partielle est suffisamment grave.
- Aucune garantie n’est due si l’atteinte reste simplement éventuelle.

Article 1626 du code civil : Quoique lors de la vente il n'ait été fait aucune stipulation sur la garantie, le vendeur est obligé de droit à garantir l'acquéreur de l'éviction qu'il souffre dans la totalité ou partie de l'objet vendu, ou des charges prétendues sur cet objet, et non déclarées lors de la vente.