Maître Jean-Paul FOURMONT

Avocat au barreau de Coutances

Compétences : Droit immobilier, Droit de la famille, des personnes et de leur patrimoine, Droit du travail et social, Assurances des particuliers

Barreau : Coutances-Avranches

Adresse : 3 Avenue Maréchal Foch 50150 SOURDEVAL

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Publié le 31/07/2021

Interdiction de prononcer une peine inférieure ou égale à un mois

Article juridique - Droit pénal

Par Me Jean-Paul FOURMONT

Interdiction de prononcer une peine inférieure ou égale à un mois

Depuis la loi du 15 août 2014 et la loi du 23 mars 2019 qui a remanié le droit des peines,on parle du :" Bloc des peines".

La Chambre Criminelle a rendu quatre arrêts le 11 mai 2021 qui sont venus clarifier la situation.

Le but du législateur est développer des alternatives à l'emprisonnement, et de lutter contre la récidive.Il est souhaité une mise à exécution rapide des peines prononcées.

Il est interdit de prononcer une peine inférieure ou égale à un mois.Les juges doivent désormais établir que la gravité de l'infraction et la personnalité de son auteur rendent indispensables le prononcé d'une peine.

Selon la jurisprudence souple en la matière :" les juges ne sont tenus de motiver leur décision qu'au regard de la situation matérielle ,familiale et sociale du prévenu ,que pour refuser d'aménager la peine d'emprisonnement sans sursis qu'ils prononcent et non pour justifier la nécessité même du prononcé d'une telle mesure". Crim 29 novembre 2016.

La règle depuis les arrêts du 11 mai 2021 de la Chambre Criminelle de la Cour de Cassation est l'aménagement de la peine, pour les peines supérieures à un mois,et inférieures ou égales à 6 mois.

Si le juge ne dispose pas d'éléments suffisants lui permettant d'apprécier la mesure d'aménagement adaptée.Il ordonne le principe d'un aménagement ab initio et la convocation de la personne condamnée devant le juge de l'application des peines.

L'exception est le refus de l'aménagement de la peine , où la motivation est requise.

Il est nécessaire d'assurer une meilleure compréhension de la peine, et de favoriser l'éxecution des peines inférieures à un an hors les murs.