Maître Sandrine DURIEU

Avocat au barreau d'Angers

Compétences : Droit du travail et social

Barreau : Angers

Adresse : 4 rue Desjardins 49100 ANGERS

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Publié le 03/11/2017

Refonte des avis médicaux d'aptitude et d'inaptitude

Article juridique - Droit du travail et social

Par Me Sandrine DURIEU

Refonte des avis médicaux d'aptitude et d'inaptitude

Entré en vigueur le 1er novembre 2017, un arrêté du 16 octobre fixe le modèle des avis d'aptitude et d'inaptitude, des attestations de suivi individuel de l'état de santé du salarié et des propositions d'aménagements de poste.

Un arrêté du 26 septembre 2017 avait, sur un sujet connexe, établi un nouveau formulaire Cerfa 14463*02 de déclaration des accidents du travail.

Entré en vigueur le 24 septembre 2017, l'article 7 de l'ordonnance n°1387 a redéfini pour sa part le périmètre géorgraphique de l'obligation de reclassement au sein des seules entreprises du groupe situées sur le territoire national.

Rappelons par ailleurs que, si l'employeur entend contester les éléments de nature médicale justifiant les avis du médecin du travail, cette contestation s'opère exclusivement devant le Conseil de prud'hommes (CPH) statuant en la forme des référés.

L'ordonnance complète le dispositif en prévoyant la possibilité pour l'entreprise de mandater un médecin qui aura accès au dossier médical ; la désignation d'un médecin expert par le CPH disparaît du texte du code du travail mais la juridiction peut confier au médecin-inspecteur du travail toute mesure d'instruction complémentaire.

En pratique:

L'ordonnance "Macron" oeuvre indéniablement dans le sens d'une simplification des procédures de constat et de contestation des avis d'inaptitude.

Un point d'attention:

Les dispositions de la loi "El Khomri" sont maintenues qui prévoyaient :

qu'un avis d'inaptitude ne peut être rendu qu'après une étude de poste par le médecin du travail et un "échange" avec le salarié et l'employeur;
que l'avis d'inaptitude rendu par le médecin du travail est "éclairé" par des conclusions écrites, assorties d'indications relatives au reclassement du travailleur.