Maître Rémi BERTRAND

Avocat au barreau de Montpellier

Compétences : Droit pénal, Droit pénal des affaires, Droit de la presse

Barreau : Montpellier

Adresse : 6 rue des Trésoriers de la Bourse 34000 MONTPELLIER

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Publié le 02/10/2020

Le droit pénal au secours de la cause animale.

Article juridique - Droit pénal

Par Me Rémi BERTRAND

Le droit pénal au secours de la cause animale.

L’article 521-1 al.1du code pénal dispose :

« Le fait, publiquement ou non, d'exercer des sévices graves, ou de nature sexuelle, ou de commettre un acte de cruauté envers un animal domestique, ou apprivoisé, ou tenu en captivité, est puni de deux ans d'emprisonnement et de 30 000 euros d'amende. »

Le texte précise que ces comportements sont répréhensibles, qu'ils aient été commis publiquement ou non, et que l'animal soit un animal domestique, apprivoisé ou tenu en captivité.

En revanche il exclut de son champ d'application les courses de taureaux ou les combats de coqs lorsqu'une tradition locale ininterrompue peut être démontrée.

Il est interdit d'exercer des mauvais traitements envers les animaux domestiques et les animaux sauvages apprivoisés ou tenus en captivité. Plusieurs sanctions pénales sont prévues en cas de mauvais traitements, d'abandon, de sévices graves et d'atteintes à la vie ou à l'intégrité de l'animal.

Le témoin d'un acte de maltraitance envers un animal sur la voie publique qui nécessite une intervention immédiate pour la survie de l'animal, doit prévenir les services de police ou de gendarmeire.

Les cas de maltraitance d’animaux sur Internet doivent être signalés sur le site Pharos. Ce site est géré par des policiers et gendarmes spécialisés.

Vous pouvez également contacter les services vétérinaires de la direction départementale de protection des populations et/ou une association de protection animale.

Les associations et fondations nationales de protection animale disposent d'un réseau d'informateurs et d'enquêteurs en lien avec la gendarmerie et les services vétérinaires.

Le Parquet ne poursuite que trop rarement les actes de maltraitance envers les animaux. Pour pallier la carence des poursuites, l’article 2-13 du code de procédure pénale accorde à certaines associations le droit de poursuivre, par citation directe, l’auteur d’actes répréhensibles à l’encontre d’un animal.

Les conseils d’un Avocat sont indispensables pour une telle citation directe, dont le formalisme juridique est très exigeant, à peine de nullité.