Maître Pol-Emmanuel GRENET

Avocat au barreau de Lyon

Compétences : Urbanisme, Construction, Droit de l'environnement

Barreau : Lyon

Adresse : 2, place Gailleton 69002 LYON

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Publié le 12/03/2024

Régularisation et modification de l'économie du projet

Article juridique - Droit public

Par Me Pol-Emmanuel GRENET

Régularisation et modification de l'économie du projet

Le juge apprécie la possibilité de régulariser un vice en tenant compte de la possibilité de revoir l'économie du projet, et non le seul projet existant.

Pour rappel, un vice entachant le bien-fondé d’une autorisation d'urbanisme est susceptible d'être régularisé même si cette régularisation implique de revoir l'économie générale du projet en cause, dès lors que les règles d'urbanisme en vigueur à la date à laquelle le juge statue permettent une mesure de régularisation et qu’une telle mesure n'implique pas d'apporter à ce projet un bouleversement tel qu'il en changerait la nature même : Conseil d'État, Section, 2 octobre 2020, n°438318, Publié au recueil Lebon.

Dans la présente affaire, le projet litigieux portait sur la rénovation d'une maison, la création d'une piscine et d'un vestiaire en vue de permettre l'accueil d'enfants.

La CAA de Paris a initialement écarté la possibilité de régulariser le permis vicié ou d'annuler partiellement le projet en vertu des articles L. 600-5-1 et L. 600-5 du code de l'urbanisme.

Selon la Cour, il n'était pas envisageable de créer des places supplémentaires sur le terrain d'assiette du projet en raison de sa faible taille et de la nécessité d'y prévoir des espaces plantés pour respecter les règles d'urbanisme locales.

Toutefois, le Conseil d'Etat retient que la Cour a commis une erreur de droit en fondant son appréciation sur le seul projet existant sans tenir compte de la possibilité pour le pétitionnaire de faire évoluer celui-ci et d'en revoir l'économie générale sans en changer la nature.

Par ailleurs, la Cour a commis une seconde erreur de droit en exigeant qu'une possibilité de régularisation soit établie devant elle dès la demande de régularisation alors qu'une telle analyse suppose de prendre en compte les évolutions susceptibles d'être apportées au projet outre, en l'espèce, l'éventuelle recherche d'accords de tiers pour assurer le stationnement dans l'environnement du projet.

Autrement dit, pour obtenir le droit de solliciter une mesure de régularisation, une telle mesure doit être possible sans pour autant être d'ores et déjà établie.

Référence : Conseil d'État, 10/9 CR, 11 mars 2024, n°463413, Aux Tables