Maître Virginie HEBER SUFFRIN

Avocat au barreau de Paris

Compétences : Baux commerciaux et professionnels, Droit immobilier

Barreau : Paris

Adresse : 15 RUE THEODULE RIBOT 75017 PARIS

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Publié le 28/10/2025

Bail commercial : 2 ans ou 5 ans pour agir en justice ?

Article juridique - Droit immobilier

Par Me Virginie HEBER SUFFRIN

Bail commercial : 2 ans ou 5 ans pour agir en justice ?

C’est une question que se posent souvent nos clients bailleurs ou locataires et malheureusement il est parfois trop tard.

Combien de temps ai-je pour agir en justice dans le cadre de mon bail commercial ?

La réponse dépend du fondement juridique de votre action.

2 ans, lorsque l’action repose sur le statut des baux commerciaux (article L.145-60 du Code de commerce) : par exemple, pour une révision de loyer, une contestation de congé ou une demande d’indemnité d’éviction.

5 ans, lorsque l’action découle du contrat de bail lui-même (article 2224 du Code civil) : comme une demande de paiement de loyers impayés, de remboursement de charges ou de restitution du dépôt de garantie.

Cette distinction, souvent méconnue, est pourtant cruciale : agir sur le mauvais fondement peut conduire à la forclusion du droit d’agir, même si la demande est légitime.

Dans le doute, il est essentiel d’analyser précisément le point de départ de la prescription et la nature de l’action envisagée.

Retrouvez l’analyse complète sur notre site : Lire l’article complet sur https://hsa-avocats.fr/prescription-actions-en-justice-bail-commercial-2-ans-5-ans/

Virginie HEBER-SUFFRIN Avocat expert en baux commerciaux – Paris 17 Cabinet HSA Avocats 15 rue Théodule Ribot – 75017 Paris

www.hsa-avocats.com